Giacomo Puccini’s opera Tosca is based on the drama of the same name by Victorien Sardou. The composer saw her production in Milan, was immediately carried away by the plot and asked his publisher Giulio Ricordi to get the author’s consent to use the composition as the basis for the libretto. At the same time, two more eminent Italian composers, Giuseppe Verdi and Alberto Franchetti, considered Sardu’s play as a possible opera plot. Thanks to the efforts of Ricordi, the right to create the opera went to Puccini. In 1900, the premiere took place at the Teatro Constanzi in Rome.
The originality of the opera lies in its close connection with historical events. The love drama unfolds against the backdrop of the liberation struggle of supporters of the Roman Republic against the troops of the Kingdom of Naples that occupied the city. The real episode mentioned in the opera is the Battle of Marengo, in which Napoleon’s troops defeated the Austrians and their allies.
Sardou wrote the role of Tosca with Sarah Bernhardt in mind, and the tradition of performing the title role by outstanding singers passed to the opera stage. Staging by Lyudmila Naletova, going on the stage of the Musical Theater. K.S. Stanislavsky and Vl.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, is centered around the three main characters of the opera – the singer Floria Tosca, the artist Mario Cavaradossi and the chief of the secret police of Rome, Baron Scarpia. These parts are performed by the leading soloists of the theatre’s opera troupe.